Every year, millions of dollars are lost due to fraudulent credit card transactions.To Puffed Snacks help fraud investigators, more algorithms are turning to powerful machine learning methodologies.Designing fraud detection algorithms is particularly difficult because to the non-stationary distribution of data, excessively skewed class distribution

Fringe projection technologies have been widely used for three-dimensional (3D) shape measurement.One of the critical issues is absolute phase recovery, especially for measuring multiple isolated objects.This paper proposes a method for absolute phase retrieval using only one coded pattern.A total of four patterns including one coded pattern and th

A vector-matrix approach to the theoretical design of metabolic pathways converting chemical compounds, viz., preset substrates, into desirable products is described.It is a mathematical basis for computer-aided generation of alternative biochemical reaction sets executing the given substrate-product conversion.The pathways survival gear are retrie

The purpose of this study is to formulate a determinant model of capital structure and firm value.The population of Body this study is the tourism industry sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2018.In this study the entire population is sampled (Total Sampling).Data collection procedures by collecting audited